There are hundred types of name of fabric. As a textile engineering
student, you should know some commercial name of fabric. Some
commercial names of fabric are given below:
Batiste A soft, fine
plain woven fabric traditionally of flax but made in other fibres 100g/m2.
A
cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction.
Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often
used for upholstery and work clothes.
Brushed Cotton
A
raised fabric produced by brushing, teazling or rubbing i.e. the fabric
in open width is passed over roller covered in teazles(usually for
wool) or fine wires to pull out the surface fibers to give the required
effect. Brushed jersey/fleece usually for sports use with a brushed
back.
Cambric
A light weight closely woven plain fabric usually stiffened. (74 g/m2)
Canvas
A
fabric made from cotton, hemp, flax, or jute, for 200 to 2000 g/m2.
Covers cloths with a great variety of uses but salient features being
strength and firmness.
Denim
Traditionally
a 3/1 warp-faced twill fabric made from yarn dyed warp and undyed weft
typically 270 g/m2. True denim is a twill weave cotton-like fabric made
with different colored yarns in the warp and the weft. Due to the twill
construction, one color predominates on the fabric surface.
Double Cloth
A
fabric construction, in which two fabrics are woven on the loom at the
same time, one on top of the other. In the weaving process, the two
layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads. The woven
patterns in each layer of fabric can be similar or completely
different.
Double Knit
A weft knit fabric
in which two layers of loops are formed that cannot be separated. A
double knit machine, which has two complete sets of needles, is required
for this construction.
Double Weave
A
woven fabric construction made by interlacing two or more sets of warp
yarns with two or more sets of filling yarns. The most common double
weave fabrics are made using a total of either four or five sets of
yarns.
Duck
A tightly woven, heavy, plain
weave, bottom-weight fabric with a hard, durable finishes. The fabric
is usually made of cotton, and is widely used in men's and women's
slacks, and children's play clothes.
Flannel
A
medium-weight, plain or twill weave fabric that is typically made from
cotton, a cotton blend, or wool. The fabric has a very soft hand,
brushed on both sides to lift the fiber ends out of the base fabric and
create a soft, fuzzy surface. End-uses include shirts and pajamas.
Gabardine
A
tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on
the right side. Wool gabardine is known as a year-round fabric for
business suiting. Polyester, cotton, rayon, and various blends are also
used in making gabardine.
Lace
Fine
openwork fabric with a ground of mesh or net made by looping twisting or
knitting on which pattern may be worked - crocheting, tatting,
embroidery,
weaving or knitting.
Lawn
A
light, fine cloth made using carded or combed linen or cotton yarns.
The fabric has a crease-resistant, crisp finish. Linen lawn is
synonymous with handkerchief linen. Cotton lawn is a similar type of
fabric, which can be white, solid colored, or printed.
Madras
A
lightweight plain weave cotton fabric with a striped, plaid, or checked
pattern. True madras will bleed when washed. This type of fabric is
usually imported from India. End-uses are men's and women's shirts and
dresses.
Muslin
An inexpensive, medium
weight, plain weave, low count (less than 160 threads per square inch)
cotton sheeting fabric. In its unfinished form, it is commonly used in
fashion design to make trial garments for preliminary fit. A light
weight plain open weave bleached and died (not exceeding 68 g/m2).
Net
An open mesh fabric in which a firm structure formed by twisting interlocking or knitting.
Organdy
A
stiffened, sheer, lightweight plain weave fabric, with a medium to high
yarn count. End-uses include blouses, dresses, and curtains/draperies.
Oxford
A
plain weave of good quality having two warp ends weaving as one often
striped with fancy weave effects. A fine, soft, lightweight woven cotton
or blended with manufactured fibers in a 2 x 1 basket weave variation
of the plain weave construction. The fabric is used primarily in
shirtings.
Pique (woven)
A fabric showing
rounded cords in the weft direction with pronounced sunken lines
between. Weave on the face of the cord plain with warp floats the width
of the cords on the back. Wadding picks are used to accentuate the
prominence of the cords.
Poplin
A plain
weave cotton type fabric with weft way ribs and high warp sett. The
construction is characterized by having a slight ridge effect in one
direction, usually the filling. Poplin used to be associated with casual
clothing, but as the "world of work" has become more relaxed, this
fabric has developed into a staple of men's wardrobes, being used
frequently in casual trousers.
Sailcloth
It is originally tightly woven cotton or linen canvas (now made from nylon or polyester for actual sails).
Sateen
A weft faced fabric in which the binding places are arranged to produce a smooth fabric and avoid
twills fabric.
A fabric made from yarns with low luster, such as cotton or other
staple length fibers. The fabric has a soft, smooth hand and a gentle,
subtle luster. Sateen fabrics are often used for draperies and
upholstery.
Satin
A warp faced weave in
which the binding places are arranged to produce a smooth fabric and
avoid twills. Satin is a traditional fabric for evening and wedding
garments. Typical examples of satin weave fabrics include: slipper
satin, crepe-back satin, faille satin, bridal satin, moleskin, and
antique satin.
Taffeta
A lustrous, medium
weight, plain weave fabric with a slight ribbed appearance in the
filling (crosswise) direction. For formal wear, taffeta is a favorite
choice. It provides a crisp hand, with lots of body.
Velvet
A
medium weight cut-pile constructed fabric in which the cut pile stands
up very straight. It is woven using two sets of warp yarns; the extra
set creates the pile. Velvet, a luxurious fabric, is commonly made with a
filament fiber for high luster and smooth hand.